The Biological Big Bang Panspermia and the Origins of Life Edited by Chandra Wickramasinghe, Ph.D.. Contributing Authors: Svante Arrhenius, Richard Hoover, Gilbert V. Levin, Michael N. Mautner, Robert Tyler, Pabulo H. Rampelotto, Milton Wainwright, Mark J. Burchell, Chandra Wickramasinghe Cosmology Science Publishers, 700 pages, 2010. Now available on Amazon Every chapter in this book has been peer reviewed and is available, free, online, at the Journal of Cosmology.

Description

• Life On Earth Came From Other Planets
• Genetics Indicates a 10 Billion Year Ancestry
• Evolution on Earth has similarities to Embryonic Development
• Genetically Evolution is Effected by Cosmic/Earthly Horizontal Gene Exchange
• Earth Originated as a Super Earth From Another Solar System

CHANDRA WICKRAMASINGHE: THE FATHER OF MODERN ASTROBIOLOGY

Life on Earth, came from other planets, and has a genetic ancestry leading backwards in time over 10 billion years - so proclaims a revolutionary, paradigm busting text edited by famed astrobiologist and astrophysicist Dr. Chandra Wickramasinghe. Chandra, along with his colleague astrophysicist Fred Hoyle is the "father" of the field known today as "astrobiology." It was Hoyle who coined the term "The Big Bang"; and Dr. Wickramasinghe and he basically invented the science of astro-chemistry, coined the term "Astrobiology" in 1981, and have published major controversial discoveries on the origins of life.

LIFE ON EARTH CAME FROM OTHER PLANETS

"The fossil, genetic, and biological evidence is conclusive" states Dr. Wickramasinghe, "and is detailed in the 33 chapters of this text, authored by a veritable who's who of the top scientists in the world: Life on Earth came from other planets, and was deposited on this world early in its history encased in stellar debris including comets, meteors, asteroids, and pieces of broken off planet."

According to Richard Hoover of NASA, "We have found fossil evidence of microbes in meteors which are older than this solar system."

Only those who cling to the Biblical explanation found in Genesis, chapter 1, where we are told Earth has special life-generating powers, and those who believe Earth is at the center of the biological universe, would dispute the conclusive scientific evidence detailed in this text.

"There is biological evidence of life in this planet's oldest rocks, which means life was on this planet from the very beginning. And, as independently determined by 3 different teams of scientists, the genetic evidence indicates life has a genetic pedigree extending backwards in time billions of years before Earth was formed," says Dr. Wickramasinghe.

DNA & EVOLUTION FROM SPACE

"The genetic 'Seeds of Life' flow throughout the cosmos, and contain the genes and genetic instructions for the evolution and metamorphosis of every creature which has walked, crawled, swam or slithered across the Earth" concludes Dr. Joseph, based on his peer reviewed research which was the subject of a dozen peer reviewed commentaries published in the Journal of Cosmology. "Once these life forms fell to Earth, they terraformed the planet, creating an oxygen atmosphere and secreting oceans of calcium which enabled oxygen breathing animals with bones and brains to evolve."

Dr. Chandra Wickramasinghe and Dr. Hoyle had championed the idea that evolution on Earth was effected by genes from space. "However, it was the work of Dr. Joseph, and the other authors of this text which has conclusively established that microbes and viruses are interplanetary genetic messengers and obtained innumerable genes through horizontal gene transfer and which serve as vast genetic libraries which has guided the trajectory of evolution of life on this planet," says Dr. Wickramasinghe.

The evidence is overwhelming, concludes Dr. Joseph: "Bacteria, archaea, and viruses have taken root on innumerable worlds much older than our own, and act as interplanetary genetic messengers, acquiring genes and transferring genes from species to species as they and their descendants are deposited on different planets following cosmic collisions."

THE DEATH OF DARWINISM

The evidence detailed in this text, The Biological Big Bang, overturns Darwin's theory of evolution. Evolution is effected by genes carried within the genomes of viruses and microbes which fell to Earth from other planets and which were acquired through horizontal gene exchange. "Horizontal gene exchange is a major factor in evolution and the role of gene transfer has been confirmed by other scientists" concludes Dr. Wickramasinghe. However, microbes and viruses from space continue to fall to Earth effecting evolution on this planet. "What we have developed and proposed in this text is a cosmic theory of evolution which completely overturns Earth-centred Darwinism."

These genes not only effected biological evolution but altered the environment which promoted the next stage of evolutionary development.

According to Dr. Joseph, "Living creatures modify the environment, which acts on gene selection giving rise to tissues, organs, and species which had been coded into genes inherited from ancestral species whose own ancestors hailed from other worlds. What we call "evolution" is under genetic-environmental control, similar to embryogenesis and metamorphosis, and involves complex gene-environmental interactions. Evolution is not random but is instead the replication of creatures which long ago lived on other planets."

"Life, and vast storehouses of genetic information, were carried to Earth by comets, asteroids, meteors, and even pieces of planet which originated in other solar systems" says Dr. Wickramasinghe. "Certainly natural selection plays a major role, but what is "naturally selected" are those traits which existed prior to their selection and which were encoded into genes inherited from life forms which lived on other planets."

EARTH IS A ROGUE PLANET FROM ANOTHER SOLAR SYSTEM

Not just life, but Earth may have originated in another solar system. According to Dr. Rudolf Schild of the Center for Astrophysics at the Harvard-Smithsonian, "Earth began as a primordial planet, a gas giant in a clump of gas giants, and eventually becoming a Super-Earth which was ejected from its solar system when its star became a Red Giant thus reducing its gravitational hold on its planets."

"Earth mass planets formed in clumps when hot plasma turned to gas less than a million years after the cosmological big bang." Says Prof. Carl Gibson of the Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences and the MAE and the Scripps Institution of Oceanography Departments of the University of California at San Diego.

"Planets do not grow by accretion" says Dr. Schild. "They begin as primordial super-Jupiters which crash together and grow smaller. Hundreds of super-Jupiters have now been discovered, and there is ample evidence in our own solar system that planets were crashing into one another from every conceivable direction when this solar system was forming."

"When Earth was struck by a Mars-sized planet" says Dr. Schild, "It did not grow larger, but smaller when the moon was torn from its surface. The belief that objects or planets grown larger by accretion is refuted by physics and has never been demonstrated.

"We believe" says Dr. Gibson, "that life in this galaxy may have begun on one of these primordial planets, perhaps within the confines of a nebular cloud, over 10 billion years ago. Life then spread throughout this galaxy."

GENES HAVE A 10 BILLION YEAR ANCESTRY

According to Chandra Wickramasinghe "It has been scientifically demonstrated that microbes can easily survive the ejection from and crash landing onto a planet, and a prolonged journey through space. Further, the genetic evidence compiled by myself, Dr. Joseph, and others, proves conclusively that it took at least 8 billion years for life to evolve from non-life. It is scientifically impossible for life to have formed in just a few hundred million years on this planet, especially when all the necessary ingredients were missing. Since life was present on this planet from the very beginning, the only logical, scientific explanation is that life on Earth came from other planets."

As detailed by Dr. Joseph: "If Life were to appear on a desert island we wouldn't claim it was randomly assembled in an organic soup or created by the hand of god; we'd conclude it washed to shore or fell from the sky. Earth too, is an island, orbiting in a sea of space, and living creatures and their DNA have been washing to shore and falling from the sky since our planets creation."

THE BIOLOGICAL BIG BANG

As summed up by Dr. Joseph: "The likelihood that life on Earth was created in an Earthly-organic soup is the equivalent of discovering a computer on Mars and proclaiming it was randomly assembled in the Methane Sea. There just was not enough time and all the essential ingredients were missing. Life in this galaxy most likely arose in a nebular cloud, perhaps within the oceans of a primordial planet."

According to author, Dr. Michael Russell of NASA and the Jet Propulsion Laboratories, "life began in a state of disequilibrium and these conditions may have prevailed on many planets."

As detailed in this text, The Biological Big Bang, life in this galaxy may have originated over 10 billion years ago within primordial planets drifting within nebular clouds. Bacteria, archae, and viruses may each have originated in different stellar environments. Once life formed it was deposited on innumerable planets and began exchanging genes.

The Earth, too, was seeded with life, which fell upon the new planet encased in meteors, asteroids, comets, and oceans of ice.

EVOLUTION AS EMBRYOLOGY: THE GENETIC SEEDS OF LIFE

Once on Earth, microbes and viruses exchanged genes, triggering multi-cellularity and the formation and evolution of the first multi-cellular eukaryotes, and then the evolution of plants and animals perfectly adapted for a world which had been genetically transformed and prepared for them.

Genes act on the environment, biologically altering the environment, and the altered environment (in conjunction with regulatory genes) acts on genes which had been inherited from ancestral species which long ago lived on other worlds.

As summed up by Dr. Joseph: "Just as apple seeds contain the genetic instructions for the growth of apple trees, these genetic seeds of life contained the DNA-instructions for the Tree of Life, and the metamorphosis of all life, including woman and man: the replication of creatures which long ago lived on other planets."